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A new pyrometallurgical process to extract antimony from stibnite concentrate was proposed. Thermodynamic analysis of extraction process was conducted. Based on the thermodynamic analysis, the influence of volatilization temperature, volatilization time, blowing oxygen, low melting point slagging on the volatilization rate of antimony and the residual rate of antimony in …
The extraction of antimony involves both underground and surface mining methods, depending on the ore deposit's characteristics. After extraction, the ore undergoes crushing and flotation processes to concentrate the antimony content.
Antimony leaching from tetrahedrite-bearing ores was typically carried out by using Na2S-NaOH solutions. In the current paper, the detail mechanism of antimony leaching from tetrahedrite-rich concentrate via K2S and BaS lixiviants was investigated for the first time. Sample was characterized in terms of chemical, mineralogical, and morphological properties using …
With regards to the global continuous growth in consumption of base metals such as antimony (Sb), mining companies are currently looking to improve the productivity and extraction of Sb from low grade ore in order to economically process it. With this aim, in this study, an efficient protocol was developed to recover metallic Sb from the low grade Fe3Si2O5(OH)4. …
With a "sweet" roast, the calcine usually yields a high gold extraction with low lime and cyanide consumption. ... At the plant of the Consolidated Murchison Co. in the Transvaal, South Africa, where a refractory high-antimony gold ore is being treated, flotation and cyanidation of the flotation concentrates and tailings are being practiced ...
Since antimony is commonly found in precious metal refractory ore bodies, extraction is essential. The Sunshine Mine in KeIlogg, Idaho has recovered antimony from its precious metal tetrahedrite ...
Hydrometallurgy 105 (2011) 234–239 Contents lists available at ScienceDirect Hydrometallurgy j o u r n a l h o m e p a g e : w w w. e l s ev i e r. c o m / l o c a t e / h yd r o m e t Improved gold and silver extraction from a refractory antimony ore by pretreatment with alkaline sulphide leach Oktay Celep, İbrahim Alp ⁎, Hacı Deveci Department of Mining Engineering, Karadeniz …
F lotation separation, the extraction of gold from sulfide gold ores, is a widely used and efficient technique in the mining industry. The process involves a chemical reaction between air bubbles and sulfide ore particles, causing the air bubbles to attach to these particles.
A complete technological process for extracting antimony from refractory gold ore was proposed. Antimony can be selectively removed from refractory gold ore by sodium …
Electrodeposited antimony can be treated with sulfuration–volatilization technology, which causes antimony to volatilize in the form of antimony sulfide. During this …
Antimony is classified as a critical/strategic metal. Its primary production is predominated by China via pyrometallurgical routes such as volatilization roasting—reduction smelting or direct ...
Antimony and its various compounds have been known and used since ancient times, dating back at least 6000 years.There is evidence dating to ancient Egypt, where synthetic antimonate compounds were used as colorants for glass and as eye shadow, among other things (Shortland, 2002, Selim, 2012).Various applications continued over the ages where it was also …
A low-temperature and sulfur-fixing smelting process was applied to separate antimony from stibnite. The results show that the direct recovery rate of Sb is 90% (mass fraction), and the grade of ...
Antimony (Sb) is a brittle, silver-white, shiny, and important metal with a specific gravity of 6.68 g/cm 3 and a melting point of 630 °C, which is widely used in modern industrialized societies today. Sb metal breaks too easily to be used on its own, but it gives strength, hardness, and resistance to corrosion to alloys [1].Sb is rarely found in its native form due to its strong …
Antimony production involves hydrometallurgy and pyrometallurgy, the latter being still dominant. The conventional extraction of antimony from stibnite and jamesonite involves a two-step pyrometallurgical process comprising volatilization roasting and carbothermal smelting (Ouyang et al., 2019; Tian et al., 2016).The sulfide antimony ore is first volatilized and oxidized …
The relevance degree between extraction rate of antimony and process parameters can be deduced as: ... It has been testified by some practice process that this type of arsenic-antimony gold ore can be efficiently treated in fire matte smelting systems mixed with copper concentrates (Avarmaa et al., 2016; Roghani et al., 2000). However, the ...
Extraction. With the sulfide being the most abundant source of antimony, this material is roasted to yield the oxide, which is in turn reduced by salt and scrap iron or carbon. Key Properties. Metallic antimony is: Brittle; Has a flaky, crystalline texture; Appears bluish white; Possesses a metallic lustre; Is unaffected by air under ambient ...
It can be seen from Eq. () that Sb 2 S 3 is deposited on the surface of gold particles, forming a dense product layer and hindering the diffusion of CN − and O 2 to the gold particles, leading to low leaching ratio [3, 4].Effect of Antimony on Pretreatment Process. The melting point of antimony compounds, generated in the roasting process of antimonial refractory gold ores, …
This paper focuses on the environmental leaching of antimony, a critical mineral, using deep eutectic solvents. Mining residues often contain embedded antimony, posing environmental risks. Deep eutectic solvents, known for being low in toxicity, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly, present a promising avenue for sustainable antimony extraction. The …
The antimony extraction rate response values against individual factors can be presented as second order regression equation 1through response surface model. ... on the basis of the occurrences analysis of gold and antimony in Sb-bearing refractory gold ore, the process parameters for extracting antimony by alkaline sodium sulfide are ...
Antimony is an important nonferrous metal and is widely used in arms and microelectronic industry manufacturing. Mineral flotation processes are the primary method for separating and gathering antimony-containing compounds from ore [1].The raw ore is sufficiently crushed and dissociated to separate the antimony-containing compounds from other gangue …
We proposed a comprehensive procedure for the separation and recovery of antimony from the As-Au-Sb ore. In this process, antimony was recovered in a single step in the form of cathode antimony ...
Flotation is the most important extraction method for antimony deposits. Antimony sulfide deposits are easy-to-float deposits, and flotation methods are mostly used to improve …
Oxidative leaching can be particularly effective for refractory antimony ores or concentrates that are difficult to treat via conventional methods. The reaction mechanisms in …
Orogenic antimony-gold deposits contribute significantly to the global antimony resource base. China's orogenic antimony-gold deposits are primarily in southern Tibet. Investigations indicate that antimony combines and migrates with sulfur hydroxides in ore-forming fluids. Previous research on fluid inclusions in orogenic antimony-gold ores with sedimentary …
Antimony has a negative effect on the gold extraction from antimony–gold concentrate, and it is necessary to remove antimony in advance. For a high calcium low antimony–gold concentrate (Ca–Sb–Au ore), this study proposed to pre-remove antimony using slurry electrolysis in HCl–CaCl 2 system. The results indicated that the optimal conditions were …
Like most mineral processing, antimony ore processing consists of ore crushing, grinding, classification (gravity separation and cyclones) and flotation. The feed ore typically …
It was observed that increasing the L/S ratio led to a maximum extraction of antimony, with an optimal ratio of 4.5:1. However, beyond this point, further increases in the L/S ratio resulted in a decrease in antimony extraction. Moreover, antimony extraction showed an upward trend as the solvent concentration increased. Figure 4.
This concentrate is typically sent to antimony refiners whereby the concentrate is roasted to generate high purity antimony xides, Sb 2 O 3 which are a key antimony product. This process route also includes where antimony is floated as a by-product contained with gold concentrates, which are sent to antimony smelters which can process gold ...
Antimony mine areas refer to regions with favorable geological conditions for antimony ore extraction. Antimony ores primarily exist in two forms: sulfides and oxides. ... Sb release characteristics of the solid waste produced in antimony mining smelting process. J. Mater. Cycles Waste Manag., 20 (1) (2016), pp. 193-200, 10.1007/s10163-016-0562-4.
